ASTM D6051-1996(2006) 环境废物管理活动现场次级取样和复合取样的标准指南
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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforCompositeSamplingandFieldSubsamplingforEnvironmentalWasteManagementActivities
【原文标准名称】:环境废物管理活动现场次级取样和复合取样的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6051-1996(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1996
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D34.01.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:复合取样;现场次级取样;废物;废物管理
【英文主题词】:composite;compositing;hotspot;particlesizereduction;sample;sampling;subsample;subsampling
【摘要】:Thisguideprovidesguidancetopersonsmanagingorresponsiblefordesigningsamplingandanalyticalplansfordeterminingwhethersamplecompositingmayassistinmoreefficientlymeetingstudyobjectives.Samplesmustbecompositedproperly,orusefulinformationoncontaminationdistributionandsamplevariancemaybelost.Theproceduresdescribedformixingsamplesandobtainingarepresentativesubsamplearebroadlyapplicabletowastesamplingwhereitisdesiredtotransportareducedamountofmaterialtothelaboratory.Themixingandsubsamplingsectionsprovideguidancetopersonspreparingsamplingandanalyticalplansandfieldpersonnel.Whilethisguidegenerallyfocusesonsolidmaterials,theattributesandlimitationsofcompositesamplingapplyequallytostaticliquidsamples.1.1Compositingandsubsamplingarekeylinksinthechainofsamplingandanalyticaleventsthatmustbeperformedincompliancewithprojectobjectivesandinstructionstoensurethattheresultingdataarerepresentative.Thisguidediscussestheadvantagesandappropriateuseofcompositesampling,fieldproceduresandtechniquestomixthecompositesampleandprocedurestocollectanunbiasedandprecisesubsample(s)fromalargersample.Itdiscussestheadvantagesandlimitationsofusingcompositesamplesindesigningsamplingplansforcharacterizationofwastes(mainlysolid)andpotentiallycontaminatedmedia.Thisguideassumesthatanappropriatesamplingdeviceisselectedtocollectanunbiasedsample.1.2Theguidedoesnotaddress:wheresamplesshouldbecollected(dependsontheobjectives)(seeGuideD6044),selectionofsamplingequipment,biasintroducedbyselectionofinappropriatesamplingequipment,samplecollectionproceduresorcollectionofarepresentativespecimenfromasample,orstatisticalinterpretationofresultantdataanddevicesdesignedtodynamicallysampleprocesswastestreams.Italsodoesnotprovidesufficientinformationtostatisticallydesignanoptimizedsamplingplan,ordeterminethenumberofsamplestocollectorcalculatetheoptimumnumberofsamplestocompositetoachievespecifieddataqualityobjectives(seePracticeD5792).StandardproceduresforplanningwastesamplingactivitiesareaddressedinGuideD4687.1.3Thesamplemixingandsubsamplingproceduresdescribedinthisguideareconsideredinappropriateforsamplestobeanalyzedforvolatileorganiccompounds.Volatileorganicsaretypicallylostthroughvolatilizationduringsamplecollection,handling,shippingandlaboratorysamplepreparationunlessspecializedproceduresareused.Theenhancedmixingdescribedinthisguideisexpectedtocausesignificantlossesofvolatileconstituents.Specializedproceduresshouldbeusedforcompositingsamplesfordeterminationofvolatilessuchascombiningdirectlyintomethanol(seePracticeD4547).1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z13
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_01
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【原文标准名称】:环境废物管理活动现场次级取样和复合取样的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6051-1996(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1996
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D34.01.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:复合取样;现场次级取样;废物;废物管理
【英文主题词】:composite;compositing;hotspot;particlesizereduction;sample;sampling;subsample;subsampling
【摘要】:Thisguideprovidesguidancetopersonsmanagingorresponsiblefordesigningsamplingandanalyticalplansfordeterminingwhethersamplecompositingmayassistinmoreefficientlymeetingstudyobjectives.Samplesmustbecompositedproperly,orusefulinformationoncontaminationdistributionandsamplevariancemaybelost.Theproceduresdescribedformixingsamplesandobtainingarepresentativesubsamplearebroadlyapplicabletowastesamplingwhereitisdesiredtotransportareducedamountofmaterialtothelaboratory.Themixingandsubsamplingsectionsprovideguidancetopersonspreparingsamplingandanalyticalplansandfieldpersonnel.Whilethisguidegenerallyfocusesonsolidmaterials,theattributesandlimitationsofcompositesamplingapplyequallytostaticliquidsamples.1.1Compositingandsubsamplingarekeylinksinthechainofsamplingandanalyticaleventsthatmustbeperformedincompliancewithprojectobjectivesandinstructionstoensurethattheresultingdataarerepresentative.Thisguidediscussestheadvantagesandappropriateuseofcompositesampling,fieldproceduresandtechniquestomixthecompositesampleandprocedurestocollectanunbiasedandprecisesubsample(s)fromalargersample.Itdiscussestheadvantagesandlimitationsofusingcompositesamplesindesigningsamplingplansforcharacterizationofwastes(mainlysolid)andpotentiallycontaminatedmedia.Thisguideassumesthatanappropriatesamplingdeviceisselectedtocollectanunbiasedsample.1.2Theguidedoesnotaddress:wheresamplesshouldbecollected(dependsontheobjectives)(seeGuideD6044),selectionofsamplingequipment,biasintroducedbyselectionofinappropriatesamplingequipment,samplecollectionproceduresorcollectionofarepresentativespecimenfromasample,orstatisticalinterpretationofresultantdataanddevicesdesignedtodynamicallysampleprocesswastestreams.Italsodoesnotprovidesufficientinformationtostatisticallydesignanoptimizedsamplingplan,ordeterminethenumberofsamplestocollectorcalculatetheoptimumnumberofsamplestocompositetoachievespecifieddataqualityobjectives(seePracticeD5792).StandardproceduresforplanningwastesamplingactivitiesareaddressedinGuideD4687.1.3Thesamplemixingandsubsamplingproceduresdescribedinthisguideareconsideredinappropriateforsamplestobeanalyzedforvolatileorganiccompounds.Volatileorganicsaretypicallylostthroughvolatilizationduringsamplecollection,handling,shippingandlaboratorysamplepreparationunlessspecializedproceduresareused.Theenhancedmixingdescribedinthisguideisexpectedtocausesignificantlossesofvolatileconstituents.Specializedproceduresshouldbeusedforcompositingsamplesfordeterminationofvolatilessuchascombiningdirectlyintomethanol(seePracticeD4547).1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z13
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_01
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:
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